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chromosome structure

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24 March 2025 Illustration showing four stages of cell division placed along a blue 'road’ on a green background. On top of each cell division stage, there is a coloured chromosomal trace showing how its structure grows more compact as cell division proceeds.

Illustration showing four stages of cell division placed along a blue 'road’ on a green background. On top of each cell division stage, there is a coloured chromosomal trace showing how its structure grows more compact as cell division proceeds.

How chromosomes shape up for cell division

EMBL scientists have shown how overlapping loops of DNA stack upon each other in dividing cells to give rise to rod-shaped chromosomes.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

2025

science-technology

22 March 2023 Artistic representation that features a long, winding helix joining together a doughnut-figure to a small shaggy ball to indicate the connections long-read sequencing can make about DNA mutations.

Artistic representation that features a long, winding helix joining together a doughnut-figure to a small shaggy ball to indicate the connections long-read sequencing can make about DNA mutations.

The ‘long read’ for cancer

Using Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing, EMBL scientists sequenced a primary childhood brain tumour known as a medulloblastoma, uncovering a novel complex mutation pattern.

2023

science

3 June 2022 he internal structure of a mitotic chromosome is shown with colourful threads representing DNA, one of which is shown being packaged into loops by the condensin protein complex. The background shows mitotic chromosomes in the cellular space

he internal structure of a mitotic chromosome is shown with colourful threads representing DNA, one of which is shown being packaged into loops by the condensin protein complex. The background shows mitotic chromosomes in the cellular space

Shaping up the genome for cell division

Researchers have discovered the mechanism by which a family of DNA motor proteins packages loosely arranged strands of DNA into compact individual chromosomes during cell division.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

2022

sciencescience-technology

9 April 2020 3D reconstruction of parental chromosomes in the mouse embryo

How chromosome structure influences development

EMBL researchers in the Heard group at EMBL Heidelberg explore the interaction between DNA organisation and gene expression in the early embryo

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

2020

sciencescience-technology

20 June 2019 Structural biology image of the condensin complex.

Intact chromosomes during cell division

The mystery of how condensin maintains the integrity of the genome during cell division.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

2019

sciencescience-technology

23 May 2018 As a cell prepares to divide, the chromosomes (shown here in pink) condense, becoming more tightly coiled and easier to observe under the microscope. The faint structure in the centre is a cell nucleus in which the chromosomes are in their usual decondensed state.