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Polycomb repressive complexes 1 and 2 are each essential for maintenance of X inactivation in extra-embryonic lineages.

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Deciphering high-resolution 3D chromatin organization via Capture Hi-C.

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Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2022

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Priorities for ocean microbiome research.

Tara Ocean Foundation, Tara Oceans, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Marine Biological Resource Centre - European Research Infrastructure Consortium (EMBRC-ERIC)

Nature microbiology, 2022

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XIST loss impairs mammary stem cell differentiation and increases tumorigenicity through Mediator hyperactivation.

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Cell, 2022

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Molecular biology for green recovery- a call for action.

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PLoS biology, 2022

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Loda A, Collombet S, Heard E

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The X chromosome from telomere to telomere: key achievements and future opportunities.

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Digging into X chromosome inactivation.

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Science (New York, N.Y.), 2021

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SPEN is required for Xist upregulation during initiation of X chromosome inactivation.

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Noncoding RNAs: biology and applications-a Keystone Symposia report.

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Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2021

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Xist nucleates local protein gradients to propagate silencing across the X chromosome.

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Cell, 2021

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SPEN integrates transcriptional and epigenetic control of X-inactivation.

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A conserved noncoding locus regulates random monoallelic Xist expression across a topological boundary.

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Molecular cell, 2019

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A symmetric toggle switch explains the onset of random X inactivation in different mammals.

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Nature structural & molecular biology, 2019

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The bipartite TAD organization of the X-inactivation center ensures opposing developmental regulation of Tsix and Xist.

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Nature genetics, 2019

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Cell, 2018

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Annual review of genetics, 2018

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Genetic and epigenetic features direct differential efficiency of Xist-mediated silencing at X-chromosomal and autosomal locations.

Loda A, Brandsma JH, Vassilev I, Servant N, Loos F, Amirnasr A, Splinter E, Barillot E, Poot RA, Heard E, Gribnau J

Nature communications, 2017

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Xist-dependent imprinted X inactivation and the early developmental consequences of its failure.

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XACT noncoding RNA competes with XIST in the control of X chromosome activity during human early development.

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Cell stem cell, 2017

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Jarid2 binds mono-ubiquitylated H2A lysine 119 to mediate crosstalk between Polycomb complexes PRC1 and PRC2.

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Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology, 2016

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Efficient and versatile CRISPR engineering of human neurons in culture to model neurological disorders.

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Wellcome open research, 2016

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Genomes of Ellobius species provide insight into the evolutionary dynamics of mammalian sex chromosomes.

Mulugeta E, Wassenaar E, Sleddens-Linkels E, van IJcken WF, Heard E, Grootegoed JA, Just W, Gribnau J, Baarends WM

Genome research, 2016

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Closing the loop: 3C versus DNA FISH.

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Genome biology, 2016

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Random monoallelic expression of genes on autosomes: Parallels with X-chromosome inactivation.

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Seminars in cell & developmental biology, 2016

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Ordered chromatin changes and human X chromosome reactivation by cell fusion-mediated pluripotent reprogramming.

Cantone I, Bagci H, Dormann D, Dharmalingam G, Nesterova T, Brockdorff N, Rougeulle C, Vallot C, Heard E, Chaligne R, Merkenschlager M, Fisher AG

Nature communications, 2016

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Transcriptional Analysis by Nascent RNA FISH of In Vivo Trophoblast Giant Cells or In Vitro Short-term Cultures of Ectoplacental Cone Explants.

Corbel C, Heard E

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2016

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Structural organization of the inactive X chromosome in the mouse.

Giorgetti L, Lajoie BR, Carter AC, Attia M, Zhan Y, Xu J, Chen CJ, Kaplan N, Chang HY, Heard E, Dekker J

Nature, 2016

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Structural Fluctuations of the Chromatin Fiber within Topologically Associating Domains.

Tiana G, Amitai A, Pollex T, Piolot T, Holcman D, Heard E, Giorgetti L

Biophysical journal, 2016

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Maternal LSD1/KDM1A is an essential regulator of chromatin and transcription landscapes during zygotic genome activation.

Ancelin K, Syx L, Borensztein M, Ranisavljevic N, Vassilev I, Briseño-Roa L, Liu T, Metzger E, Servant N, Barillot E, Chen CJ, Schüle R, Heard E

eLife, 2016

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High-resolution 3D DNA FISH using plasmid probes and computational correction of optical aberrations to study chromatin structure at the sub-megabase scale.

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Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2015

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Structural and functional diversity of Topologically Associating Domains.

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FEBS letters, 2015

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Correction: RNAi-Dependent and Independent Control of LINE1 Accumulation and Mobility in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells.

Ciaudo C, Jay F, Okamoto I, Chen CJ, Sarazin A, Servant N, Barillot E, Heard E, Voinnet O

PLoS genetics, 2015

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The inactive X chromosome is epigenetically unstable and transcriptionally labile in breast cancer.

Chaligné R, Popova T, Mendoza-Parra MA, Saleem MA, Gentien D, Ban K, Piolot T, Leroy O, Mariani O, Gronemeyer H, Vincent-Salomon A, Stern MH, Heard E

Genome research, 2015

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Systematic discovery of Xist RNA binding proteins.

Chu C, Zhang QC, da Rocha ST, Flynn RA, Bharadwaj M, Calabrese JM, Magnuson T, Heard E, Chang HY

Cell, 2015

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X-chromosome inactivation: new insights into cis and trans regulation.

Galupa R, Heard E

Current opinion in genetics & development, 2015

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Noncoding RNAs and epigenetic mechanisms during X-chromosome inactivation.

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Annual review of cell and developmental biology, 2014

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X-chromosome inactivation in development and cancer.

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FEBS LETTERS, 2014

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MOF-associated complexes ensure stem cell identity and Xist repression.

Chelmicki T, Dündar F, Turley MJ, Khanam T, Aktas T, Ramírez F, Gendrel AV, Wright PR, Videm P, Backofen R, Heard E, Manke T, Akhtar A

eLife, 2014

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Predictive polymer modeling reveals coupled fluctuations in chromosome conformation and transcription

Giorgetti L, Galupa R, Nora EP, Piolot T, Lam F, Dekker J, Tiana G, Heard E

2014

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Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: myths and mechanisms.

Heard E, Martienssen RA

Cell, 2014

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Developmental dynamics and disease potential of random monoallelic gene expression.

Gendrel AV, Attia M, Chen CJ, Diabangouaya P, Servant N, Barillot E, Heard E

Developmental cell, 2014

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The two active X chromosomes in female ESCs block exit from the pluripotent state by modulating the ESC signaling network.

Schulz EG, Meisig J, Nakamura T, Okamoto I, Sieber A, Picard C, Borensztein M, Saitou M, Blüthgen N, Heard E

Cell stem cell, 2014

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Jarid2 Is Implicated in the Initial Xist-Induced Targeting of PRC2 to the Inactive X Chromosome.

da Rocha ST, Boeva V, Escamilla-Del-Arenal M, Ancelin K, Granier C, Matias NR, Sanulli S, Chow J, Schulz E, Picard C, Kaneko S, Helin K, Reinberg D, Stewart AF, Wutz A, Heard E, Margueron R

Molecular cell, 2014

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Live-cell imaging combined with immunofluorescence, RNA, or DNA FISH to study the nuclear dynamics and expression of the X-inactivation center.

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Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2013

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Changes in the organization of the genome during the mammalian cell cycle.

Giorgetti L, Servant N, Heard E

Genome biology, 2013

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Cdyl, a new partner of the inactive X chromosome and potential reader of H3K27me3 and H3K9me2.

Escamilla-Del-Arenal M, da Rocha ST, Spruijt CG, Masui O, Renaud O, Smits AH, Margueron R, Vermeulen M, Heard E

Molecular and cellular biology, 2013

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Cohesin-based chromatin interactions enable regulated gene expression within preexisting architectural compartments

Seitan VC, Faure AJ, Zhan Y, McCord RP, Lajoie BR, Ing-Simmons E, Lenhard B, Giorgetti L, Heard E, Fisher AG, Flicek P, Dekker J, Merkenschlager M

Genome research, 2013

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RNAi-dependent and independent control of LINE1 accumulation and mobility in mouse embryonic stem cells.

Ciaudo C, Jay F, Okamoto I, Chen CJ, Sarazin A, Servant N, Barillot E, Heard E, Voinnet O

PLoS genetics, 2013

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Segmental folding of chromosomes: a basis for structural and regulatory chromosomal neighborhoods?

Nora EP, Dekker J, Heard E

BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology, 2013

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The pluripotent genome in three dimensions is shaped around pluripotency factors.

de Wit E, Bouwman BA, Zhu Y, Klous P, Splinter E, Verstegen MJ, Krijger PH, Festuccia N, Nora EP, Welling M, Heard E, Geijsen N, Poot RA, Chambers I, de Laat W

Nature, 2013

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Small RNAs derived from structural non-coding RNAs.

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Methods (San Diego, Calif.), 2013

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Current opinion in genetics & development, 2013

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Unusual chromatin status and organization of the inactive X chromosome in murine trophoblast giant cells.

Corbel C, Diabangouaya P, Gendrel AV, Chow JC, Heard E

Development (Cambridge, England), 2013

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Recent advances in X-chromosome inactivation research.

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Current opinion in cell biology, 2012

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Deep-sequencing protocols influence the results obtained in small-RNA sequencing.

Toedling J, Servant N, Ciaudo C, Farinelli L, Voinnet O, Heard E, Barillot E

PloS one, 2012

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ncPRO-seq: a tool for annotation and profiling of ncRNAs in sRNA-seq data.

Chen CJ, Servant N, Toedling J, Sarazin A, Marchais A, Duvernois-Berthet E, Cognat V, Colot V, Voinnet O, Heard E, Ciaudo C, Barillot E

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 2012

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HiTC: exploration of high-throughput 'C' experiments.

Servant N, Lajoie BR, Nora EP, Giorgetti L, Chen CJ, Heard E, Dekker J, Barillot E

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 2012

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Smchd1-dependent and -independent pathways determine developmental dynamics of CpG island methylation on the inactive X chromosome

Gendrel AV, Apedaile A, Coker H, Termanis A, Zvetkova I, Godwin J, Tang YA, Huntley D, Montana G, Taylor S, Giannoulatou E, Heard E, Stancheva I, Brockdorff N

Developmental cell, 2012

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Spatial partitioning of the regulatory landscape of the X-inactivation centre.

Nora EP, Lajoie BR, Schulz EG, Giorgetti L, Okamoto I, Servant N, Piolot T, van Berkum NL, Meisig J, Sedat J, Gribnau J, Barillot E, Blüthgen N, Dekker J, Heard E

Nature, 2012

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Naive and primed murine pluripotent stem cells have distinct miRNA expression profiles.

Jouneau A, Ciaudo C, Sismeiro O, Brochard V, Jouneau L, Vandormael-Pournin S, Coppée JY, Zhou Q, Heard E, Antoniewski C, Cohen-Tannoudji M

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Gendrel AV, Heard E

Development (Cambridge, England), 2011

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Tang F, Barbacioru C, Nordman E, Bao S, Lee C, Wang X, Tuch BB, Heard E, Lao K, Surani MA

PloS one, 2011

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Function of the sex chromosomes in mammalian fertility.

Heard E, Turner J

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology, 2011

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Evolutionary diversity and developmental regulation of X-chromosome inactivation.

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Augui S, Nora EP, Heard E

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The inactive X chromosome adopts a unique three-dimensional conformation that is dependent on Xist RNA.

Splinter E, de Wit E, Nora EP, Klous P, van de Werken HJ, Zhu Y, Kaaij LJ, van Ijcken W, Gribnau J, Heard E, de Laat W

Genes & development, 2011

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Live-cell chromosome dynamics and outcome of X chromosome pairing events during ES cell differentiation.

Masui O, Bonnet I, Le Baccon P, Brito I, Pollex T, Murphy N, Hupé P, Barillot E, Belmont AS, Heard E

Cell, 2011

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Eutherian mammals use diverse strategies to initiate X-chromosome inactivation during development.

Okamoto I, Patrat C, Thépot D, Peynot N, Fauque P, Daniel N, Diabangouaya P, Wolf JP, Renard JP, Duranthon V, Heard E

Nature, 2011

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Rnf12--a jack of all trades in X inactivation?

Schulz EG, Nora EP, Heard E

PLoS genetics, 2011

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Nuclear organization and dosage compensation.

Chow JC, Heard E

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology, 2010

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Ten years of genetics and genomics: what have we achieved and where are we heading?

Heard E, Tishkoff S, Todd JA, Vidal M, Wagner GP, Wang J, Weigel D, Young R

Nature reviews. Genetics, 2010

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Girafe--an R/Bioconductor package for functional exploration of aligned next-generation sequencing reads.

Toedling J, Ciaudo C, Voinnet O, Heard E, Barillot E

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 2010

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Dynamic plasticity of large-scale chromatin structure revealed by self-assembly of engineered chromosome regions.

Sinclair P, Bian Q, Plutz M, Heard E, Belmont AS

The Journal of cell biology, 2010

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LINE-1 activity in facultative heterochromatin formation during X chromosome inactivation

Chow JC, Ciaudo C, Fazzari MJ, Mise N, Servant N, Glass JL, Attreed M, Avner P, Wutz A, Barillot E, Greally JM, Voinnet O, Heard E

Cell, 2010

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Epigenetic mechanisms in development and disease.

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Seminars in cell & developmental biology, 2010

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Lessons from comparative analysis of X-chromosome inactivation in mammals.

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Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology, 2009

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X chromosome inactivation: when dosage counts.

Nora EP, Heard E

Cell, 2009

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.11.009.

Highly dynamic and sex-specific expression of microRNAs during early ES cell differentiation.

Ciaudo C, Servant N, Cognat V, Sarazin A, Kieffer E, Viville S, Colot V, Barillot E, Heard E, Voinnet O

PLoS genetics, 2009

doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000620.

High-resolution analysis of epigenetic changes associated with X inactivation.

Marks H, Chow JC, Denissov S, Françoijs KJ, Brockdorff N, Heard E, Stunnenberg HG

Genome research, 2009

doi:10.1101/gr.092643.109.

X inactivation and the complexities of silencing a sex chromosome.

Chow J, Heard E

Current opinion in cell biology, 2009

doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.04.012.

Monomethylation of histone H4-lysine 20 is involved in chromosome structure and stability and is essential for mouse development.

Oda H, Okamoto I, Murphy N, Chu J, Price SM, Shen MM, Torres-Padilla ME, Heard E, Reinberg D

Molecular and cellular biology, 2009

doi:10.1128/MCB.01768-08.

Dynamic changes in paternal X-chromosome activity during imprinted X-chromosome inactivation in mice.

Patrat C, Okamoto I, Diabangouaya P, Vialon V, Le Baccon P, Chow J, Heard E

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009

doi:10.1073/pnas.0810683106.

Combined Immunofluorescence, RNA FISH and DNA FISH to study chromatin changes, transcriptional activity, nuclear organization and X-chromosome inactivation.

Chaumeil J, Augui S, Chow J, Heard E

2008

doi:.

Chromosome structural proteins and RNA-mediated epigenetic silencing.

Heard E, Colot V

Developmental cell, 2008

doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2008.05.013.

Nonrigid registration of 3-d multichannel microscopy images of cell nuclei.

Yang S, Kohler D, Teller K, Cremer T, Le Baccon P, Heard E, Eils R, Rohr K

IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society, 2008

doi:10.1109/TIP.2008.918017.

A phosphorylated subpopulation of the histone variant macroH2A1 is excluded from the inactive X chromosome and enriched during mitosis.

Bernstein E, Muratore-Schroeder TL, Diaz RL, Chow JC, Changolkar LN, Shabanowitz J, Heard E, Pehrson JR, Hunt DF, Allis CD

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008

doi:10.1073/pnas.0711632105.

Sensing X chromosome pairs before X inactivation via a novel X-pairing region of the Xic.

Augui S, Filion GJ, Huart S, Nora E, Guggiari M, Maresca M, Stewart AF, Heard E

Science (New York, N.Y.), 2007

doi:10.1126/science.1149420.

The ins and outs of gene regulation and chromosome territory organisation.

Heard E, Bickmore W

Current opinion in cell biology, 2007

doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2007.04.016.

X inactive-specific transcript RNA coating and genetic instability of the X chromosome in BRCA1 breast tumors.

Vincent-Salomon A, Ganem-Elbaz C, Manié E, Raynal V, Sastre-Garau X, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Stern MH, Heard E

Cancer research, 2007

doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-0465.

Le rendez-vous des chromosomes X.

Augui S., Heard E.

2006

doi:.

RNA and protein actors in X-chromosome inactivation.

Masui O, Heard E

Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology, 2006

doi:10.1101/sqb.2006.71.058.

The dynamics of imprinted X inactivation during preimplantation development in mice.

Okamoto I, Heard E

Cytogenetic and genome research, 2006

doi:10.1159/000090848.

A novel role for Xist RNA in the formation of a repressive nuclear compartment into which genes are recruited when silenced.

Chaumeil J, Le Baccon P, Wutz A, Heard E

Genes & development, 2006

doi:10.1101/gad.380906.

Dosage compensation in mammals: fine-tuning the expression of the X chromosome.

Heard E, Disteche CM

Genes & development, 2006

doi:10.1101/gad.1422906.

Mouse polycomb proteins bind differentially to methylated histone H3 and RNA and are enriched in facultative heterochromatin.

Bernstein E, Duncan EM, Masui O, Gil J, Heard E, Allis CD

Molecular and cellular biology, 2006

doi:10.1128/MCB.26.7.2560-2569.2006.

Transient colocalization of X-inactivation centres accompanies the initiation of X inactivation.

Bacher CP, Guggiari M, Brors B, Augui S, Clerc P, Avner P, Eils R, Heard E

Nature cell biology, 2006

doi:10.1038/ncb1365.

Evidence for de novo imprinted X-chromosome inactivation independent of meiotic inactivation in mice.

Okamoto I, Arnaud D, Le Baccon P, Otte AP, Disteche CM, Avner P, Heard E

Nature, 2005

doi:10.1038/nature04155.

Delving into the diversity of facultative heterochromatin: the epigenetics of the inactive X chromosome.

Heard E

Current opinion in genetics & development, 2005

doi:10.1016/j.gde.2005.08.009.

Initiation of epigenetic reprogramming of the X chromosome in somatic nuclei transplanted to a mouse oocyte.

Bao S, Miyoshi N, Okamoto I, Jenuwein T, Heard E, Azim Surani M

EMBO reports, 2005

doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400461.

Imprinted X-inactivation in extra-embryonic endoderm cell lines from mouse blastocysts

Kunath T, Arnaud D, Uy GD, Okamoto L, Chureau C, Yamanaka Y, Heard E, Gardner RL, Avner P, Rossant J

Development (Cambridge, England), 2005

doi:10.1242/dev.01715.

X-chromosome inactivation in mouse embryonic stem cells: analysis of histone modifications and transcriptional activity using immunofluorescence and FISH.

Chaumeil J, Okamoto I, Heard E

Methods in enzymology, 2004

doi:10.1016/S0076-6879(03)76027-3.

Mammalian X-chromosome inactivation: an epigenetics paradigm.

Heard E, Chaumeil J, Masui O, Okamoto I

Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology, 2004

doi:10.1101/sqb.2004.69.89.

Differential histone H3 Lys-9 and Lys-27 methylation profiles on the X chromosome.

Rougeulle C, Chaumeil J, Sarma K, Allis CD, Reinberg D, Avner P, Heard E

Molecular and cellular biology, 2004

doi:10.1128/MCB.24.12.5475-5484.2004.

Recent advances in X-chromosome inactivation.

Heard E

2004

doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2004.03.005.

Epigenetic dynamics of imprinted X inactivation during early mouse development.

Okamoto I, Otte AP, Allis CD, Reinberg D, Heard E

Science (New York, N.Y.), 2004

doi:10.1126/science.1092727.

Rb-mediated heterochromatin formation and silencing of E2F target genes during cellular senescence.

Narita M, Nunez S, Heard E, Narita M, Lin AW, Hearn SA, Spector DL, Hannon GJ, Lowe SW

CELL, 2003

doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00401-X.

Role of histone methyltransferase G9a in CpG methylation of the Prader-Willi syndrome imprinting center.

Xin Z, Tachibana M, Guggiari M, Heard E, Shinkai Y, Wagstaff J

The Journal of biological chemistry, 2003

doi:10.1074/jbc.M211753200.

Integrated kinetics of X chromosome inactivation in differentiating embryonic stem cells.

Chaumeil J, Okamoto I, Guggiari M, Heard E

Cytogenetic and genome research, 2002

doi:10.1159/000071577.

Antisense RNA in imprinting: spreading silence through Air.

Rougeulle C, Heard E

Trends in genetics : TIG, 2002

doi:10.1016/S0168-9525(02)02749-X.

Relationship of XIST expression and responses of ovarian cancer to chemotherapy.

Huang KC, Rao PH, Lau CC, Heard E, Ng SK, Brown C, Mok SC, Berkowitz RS, Ng SW

Molecular cancer therapeutics, 2002

doi:.

Differentially methylated forms of histone H3 show unique association patterns with inactive human X chromosomes.

Boggs BA, Cheung P, Heard E, Spector DL, Chinault AC, Allis CD

Nature genetics, 2002

doi:10.1038/ng787.

The X-inactivation center; the XIST gene.

Heard E

2002

doi:10.1002/0471203076.

Improvement of FISH mapping resolution on combed DNA molecules by iterative constrained deconvolution: a quantitative study.

Monier K, Heliot L, Rougeulle C, Heard E, Robert-Nicoud M, Vourc'h C, Bensimon A, Usson Y

Cytogenetics and cell genetics, 2001

doi:10.1159/000056869.

Methylation of histone H3 at Lys-9 is an early mark on the X chromosome during X inactivation

Heard E, Rougeulle C, Arnaud D, Avner P, Allis CD, Spector DL

Cell, 2001

doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00598-0.

X-chromosome inactivation: Counting, choice and initiation

Avner P, Heard E

Nature reviews. Genetics, 2001

doi:10.1038/35047580.

Trans-Siberian X press report - International Symposium on X Chromosome Inactivation in Mammals, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia, 6-12 September, 1999

Heard E, Avner P

Trends in genetics : TIG, 2000

doi:10.1016/S0168-9525(99)01944-7.

Functional analysis of the DXPas34 locus, a 3' regulator of Xist expression.

Debrand E, Chureau C, Arnaud D, Avner P, Heard E

Molecular and cellular biology, 1999

doi:.

Human XIST yeast artificial chromosome transgenes show partial X inactivation center function in mouse embryonic stem cells.

Heard E, Mongelard F, Arnaud D, Chureau C, Vourc'h C, Avner P

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1999

doi:10.1073/pnas.96.12.6841.

A developmental switch in H4 acetylation upstream of Xist plays a role in X chromosome inactivation.

O'Neill LP, Keohane AM, Lavender JS, McCabe V, Heard E, Avner P, Brockdorff N, Turner BM

The EMBO journal, 1999

doi:10.1093/emboj/18.10.2897.

Anti-Xistentialism.

Heard E, Lovell-Badge R, Avner P

Nature genetics, 1999

doi:10.1038/7661.

Xist yeast artificial chromosome transgenes function as X-inactivation centers only in multicopy arrays and not as single copies.

Heard E, Mongelard F, Arnaud D, Avner P

Molecular and cellular biology, 1999

doi:.

Molecular correlates of the murine Xce locus.

Avner P, Prissette M, Arnaud D, Courtier B, Cecchi C, Heard E

Genetical research, 1998

doi:10.1017/S0016672398003516.

Cloning and localization of the murine Xpct gene: evidence for complex rearrangements during the evolution of the region around the Xist gene.

Debrand E, Heard E, Avner P

Genomics, 1998

doi:10.1006/geno.1997.5173.

Localization and expression analysis of a novel conserved brain expressed transcript, Brx/BRX, lying within the Xic/XIC candidate region.

Simmler MC, Heard E, Rougeulle C, Cruaud C, Weissenbach J, Avner P

Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society, 1997

doi:10.1007/s003359900561.

X-chromosome inactivation in mammals

Heard E, Clerc P, Avner P

Annual review of genetics, 1997

doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.31.1.571.

Transgenic mice carrying an Xist-containing YAC.

Heard E, Kress C, Mongelard F, Courtier B, Rougeulle C, Ashworth A, Vourc'h C, Babinet C, Avner P

Human molecular genetics, 1996

doi:10.1093/hmg/5.4.441.

Selected methods related to the mouse as a model system.

Melanitou E, Simmler MC, Heard E, Rougeulle C, Avner P

1996

doi:.

Insertion of unique sites into YAC arms for rapid physical analysis following YAC transfer into mammalian cells.

Fairhead C, Heard E, Arnaud D, Avner P, Dujon B

Nucleic acids research, 1995

doi:10.1093/nar/23.19.4011.

Xce haplotypes show modified methylation in a region of the active X chromosome lying 3' to Xist.

Courtier B, Heard E, Avner P

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1995

doi:10.1073/pnas.92.8.3531.

Role play in X-inactivation.

Heard E, Avner P

Human molecular genetics, 1994

doi:10.1093/hmg/3.suppl_1.1481.

Creation of a deletion series of mouse YACs covering a 500 kb region around Xist.

Heard E, Avner P, Rothstein R

Nucleic acids research, 1994

doi:10.1093/nar/22.10.1830.

Involvement of inverted duplications in the generation of gene amplification in mammalian cells.

Fried M, Feo S, Heard E

1993

doi:.

Physical mapping and YAC contig analysis of the region surrounding Xist on the mouse X chromosome.

Heard E, Simmler MC, Larin Z, Rougeulle C, Courtier B, Lehrach H, Avner P

Genomics, 1993

doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1108.

A large inverted duplicated DNA region associated with an amplified oncogene is stably maintained in a YAC.

Hayashi Y, Heard E, Fried M

Human molecular genetics, 1993

doi:10.1093/hmg/2.2.133.

The role of inverted duplication in the generation of gene amplification in mammalian cells.

Fried M, Feo S, Heard E

Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1991

doi:10.1016/0167-4781(91)90095-4.

Gene amplification accompanied by the loss of a chromosome containing the native allele and the appearance of the amplified DNA at a new chromosomal location.

Heard E, Williams SV, Sheer D, Fried M

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1991

doi:10.1073/pnas.88.18.8242.

The use of 5-azacytidine to increase cleavage of methylation sensitive rare cutting restriction enzymes sites in amplified DNA.

Heard E, Fried M

Nucleic acids research, 1990

doi:10.1093/nar/18.20.6147.

A strategy to detect and isolate an intron-containing gene in the presence of multiple processed pseudogenes.

Davies B, Feo S, Heard E, Fried M

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1989

doi:10.1073/pnas.86.17.6691.

An improved method for the screening of YAC libraries.

Heard E, Davies B, Feo S, Fried M

Nucleic acids research, 1989

doi:10.1093/nar/17.14.5861.

[Inactivation of X chromosome: cells know how to count two X chromosomes].

Augui S, Heard E

Medecine sciences : M/S, 2008

doi:10.1051/medsci/20082467584.