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Boskovic Group

Mechanisms of embryonic gene regulation

The Boskovic group investigates epigenetic mechanisms regulating early embryonic gene expression patterns, and how their modulation influences developmental trajectories and offspring phenotypes.

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Previous and current research

At fertilisation, the oocyte and the sperm fuse to form the totipotent zygote, which will give rise to all other cell types in the developing organism. After gamete fusion, genome-wide epigenetic remodelling takes place on both parental chromosomes, ensuring the erasure of distinctive gamete-specific genome organisation. Newly formed embryonic chromatin is then subject to regulation by multiple waves of signalling pathways, metabolites, and epigenetic factors. These events, which together shape the transcriptome during embryogenesis, have the potential to affect all cell types in an organism.

In the past decade, it has become increasingly well accepted that ancestral environments can influence epigenetic information that is heritable across generations. At present, however, there are only sparse molecular details about how phenotypic changes in the developing animal result from epigenetic factors delivered in the gametes, or from other environmental factors that the embryo experiences during a discrete developmental window. We have previously shown that, in mice, sperm-borne tRNA fragments responsive to paternal diet can influence the transcription of totipotency-associated genes through regulation of histone levels and chromatin organisation. Our lab is thus focused on gaining in-depth insight into mechanistic transactions regulating mammalian embryonic chromatin dynamics and gene expression, which is crucial for understanding how cellular identity is acquired, maintained, and regulated as cells differentiate during normal development.

Future projects and goals

The goal of our lab is to understand the mechanisms governing the establishment of gene expression patterns during mouse development, and how their modulation through epigenetic pathways influences early cell fate decisions and downstream developmental trajectories. Through a combination of cutting-edge genomics, molecular embryology, mouse ES cell manipulations, and traditional gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we aim to:

  • Elucidate the mechanisms through which sperm-borne epigenetic carriers contribute to developmental programming in mice;
  • Dissect the interplay of chromatin dynamics and TF binding in priming the embryonic genome for transcriptional activation;
  •  Understand the biological role of totipotency-associated transposable elements and their target genes in regulating cell identity; and
  •  Uncover the functional role of conserved RNA-binding proteins in shaping the embryonic transcriptome.
Figure 1: Exogenous and endogenous signals (including epigenetic information in the gametes) can influence early embryonic processes, with the capacity to affect all lineages of the developing animal. (Figure created in BioRender.com).
Figure 1: Exogenous and endogenous signals (including epigenetic information in the gametes) can influence early embryonic processes, with the capacity to affect all lineages of the developing animal. (Figure created in BioRender.com).
Figure 2: Pericentric localisation of hnRNP C foci (green channel) within the nucleus of a two-cell-stage mouse embryo (DNA shown in blue) at the time of embryonic genome activation.
Figure 2: Pericentric localisation of hnRNP C foci (green channel) within the nucleus of a two-cell-stage mouse embryo (DNA shown in blue) at the time of embryonic genome activation.
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