{"id":8861,"date":"2016-12-13T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-12-13T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.embl.de\/?p=8861"},"modified":"2024-03-25T10:06:39","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T09:06:39","slug":"1612-study-offers-approach-to-treating-pain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1612-study-offers-approach-to-treating-pain\/","title":{"rendered":"Study offers approach to treating pain"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>For many patients with chronic pain, any light touch \u2013 even just their clothes touching their skin \u2013 can be agony. Scientists at EMBL and the Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (CIN) of the University of T\u00fcbingen have found a possible new avenue for producing painkillers that specifically treat this kind of pain. In a study published online today in <em>eLife<\/em>, they discovered how the stiffness of our nerve cells influences sensitivity to touch and pain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cBeing able to stop this mechanical pain could be very powerful, and it\u2019s something that current drugs are not very good at doing,\u201d says Paul Heppenstall, who led the work at EMBL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whether it\u2019s a light brush or a painful poke, when something touches you, receptors on the nerves under your skin sense it and carry that information to the brain. To be more precise, those receptors detect \u2013 and respond to \u2013 the bending of the nerve cell\u2019s membrane. The EMBL scientists have now discovered a molecule which, by influencing how stiff or bendy a nerve cell is, affects how sensitive a mouse is to touch and pain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"vf-figure wp-block-image alignnone wp-image-8867 size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"620\" height=\"381\" class=\"vf-figure__image\" src=\"https:\/\/news.embl.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/161213-treating-pain_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8867\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/161213-treating-pain_2.jpg 620w, https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/161213-treating-pain_2-300x184.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><figcaption class=\"vf-figure__caption\">Microtubules (green) lie just below the membrane of sensory neurons (red), keeping the cells bendy enough to sense touch and pain. IMAGE: Nereo Kalebic\/EMBL<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Heppenstall and colleagues genetically engineered mice so that they could not produce a molecule called Atat1. Working with Jing Hu\u2019s lab at the Centre for Integrative Neuroscience at T\u00fcbingen University and Laura Andolfi at Istituto Officina dei Materiali-CNR, in Trieste, they found that the nerve cells in the affected mice became more stiff, and they became insensitive to light touch and to mechanical pain. This happened both when they prevented all of a mouse\u2019s cells from producing the molecule and when they did so just in the mouse\u2019s sensory neurons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Atat1 molecule is present in all cells. Scientists know that it modifies microtubules \u2013 tiny tubes that act as transport network and scaffolding inside cells \u2013 and that this happens in all cells, especially in nerve cells. So Heppenstall, Hu and colleagues were surprised to find that the other senses seem not to be affected in the mice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt could be that the molecule also affects the stiffness of nerves involved in other senses, but because stiffness is not important for detecting smells or tastes, for example, changes in cell stiffness might not have a detectable effect on those senses,\u201d says Shane Morley, who carried out the work at EMBL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"vf-figure wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-8875\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"620\" height=\"330\" class=\"vf-figure__image\" src=\"https:\/\/news.embl.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/161213-treating-pain_11.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8875\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/161213-treating-pain_11.jpg 620w, https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/161213-treating-pain_11-300x160.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><figcaption class=\"vf-figure__caption\">In sensory cells (left), microtubules form a ring just below the cell membrane. In other cells (right), they don\u2019t. IMAGE: Shane Morley\/EMBL<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>One difference that the scientists found between nerve cells that detect touch and other cells is in how their microtubules are arranged. In sensory cells, they form a ring just below the cell membrane. In other cells, they don\u2019t. The scientists think that this ring probably fine-tunes how stiff or bendy a nerve cell\u2019s membrane is, influencing how sensitive that cell \u2013 and the animal in general \u2013 is to touch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The nervous system and sense of touch are similar in mice and humans, so the results likely hold true for people, too. And although problems in cell stiffness are unlikely to be at the root of most patients\u2019 hypersensitivity to touch, controlling how stiff nerve cells are could nevertheless be an effective way of treating that sensitivity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re now looking for small molecules that interfere with this fine-tuning of cell stiffness, and which might one day be used to make painkillers specifically to treat this mechanical pain,\u201d says Heppenstall. \u201cThis is the first step in our sense of touch, so if we can stop the signal there, then we have a good chance of stopping everything which is downstream. And because only these touch-sensing nerve cells would be affected, there\u2019s hope that such a drug might not have many unwanted side-effects.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research on the effect of nerve cell stiffness on sensitivity to touch could lead to new painkillers<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":8862,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,17591],"tags":[64,477,74,67,1748,514],"embl_taxonomy":[],"class_list":["post-8861","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","category-science-technology","tag-cell-biology","tag-heppenstall","tag-monterotondo","tag-neurobiology","tag-press-release","tag-rome"],"acf":{"article_intro":"<p>Research on the effect of nerve cell stiffness on sensitivity to touch could lead to new painkillers<\/p>\n","related_links":[{"link_description":"Heppenstall group, EMBL","link_url":"http:\/\/www.embl.it\/research\/unit\/heppenstall\/index.html"},{"link_description":"Jing Hu\u2019s lab at CIN, University of T\u00fcbingen","link_url":"http:\/\/www.cin.uni-tuebingen.de\/research\/research-groups\/junior-research-groups\/sensory-mechanotransduction\/research-directions.html"},{"link_description":"See the scientists' related work of two years ago on labelling nerves in the skin","link_url":"https:\/\/news.embl.de\/science\/1412_snaptag\/"}],"article_sources":[{"source_description":"<p>Morley SJ, Qi Y <em>et al<\/em>. <em>eLife<\/em>, published online 13 December 2016. DOI: 10.7554\/eLife.20813<\/p>\n","source_link_url":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.20813"}],"vf_locked":false,"featured":false,"color":"#007B53","show_featured_image":false,"in_this_article":false,"youtube_url":"","mp4_url":"","video_caption":"","translations":false,"press_contact":"EMBL Generic"},"embl_taxonomy_terms":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Study offers approach to treating pain<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Research on the effect of nerve cell stiffness on sensitivity to touch could lead to new painkillers, scientists at EMBL and T\u00fcbingen University predict.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1612-study-offers-approach-to-treating-pain\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Study offers approach to treating pain\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Research on the effect of nerve cell stiffness on sensitivity to touch could lead to new painkillers, scientists at EMBL and T\u00fcbingen University predict.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1612-study-offers-approach-to-treating-pain\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"EMBL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/embl.org\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-12-13T08:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-25T09:06:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/161213-treating-pain.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"620\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"425\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sonia Furtado Neves\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@Aur_ora\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@embl\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sonia Furtado Neves\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1612-study-offers-approach-to-treating-pain\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1612-study-offers-approach-to-treating-pain\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Sonia Furtado Neves\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/d926199a955624b44dda296f396c5e68\"},\"headline\":\"Study offers approach to treating pain\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-12-13T08:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-25T09:06:39+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1612-study-offers-approach-to-treating-pain\/\"},\"wordCount\":658,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1612-study-offers-approach-to-treating-pain\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/161213-treating-pain.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"cell biology\",\"heppenstall\",\"monterotondo\",\"neurobiology\",\"press release\",\"rome\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Science\",\"Science &amp; 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