{"id":60779,"date":"2023-08-10T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-10T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/?p=60779"},"modified":"2024-03-22T11:40:19","modified_gmt":"2024-03-22T10:40:19","slug":"scomatic-algorithm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/scomatic-algorithm\/","title":{"rendered":"Novel algorithm able to detect mutations in single-cell sequencing data sets"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<article class=\"vf-card vf-card--brand vf-card--bordered vf-u-margin__bottom--800\" default>\n  <div class=\"vf-card__content | vf-stack vf-stack--400\">\n      <h3 class=\"vf-card__heading\">\n      Summary    <\/h3>\n                <p class=\"vf-card__text\"><ul>\r\n \t<li>Being able to characterise somatic mutations at single-cell resolution is essential for understanding cancer evolution and development.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Until now, detecting mutations in single cells remained technically challenging.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>EMBL-EBI has now developed SComatic &#8211; a novel algorithm able to detect somatic mutations in single-cell profiling data sets without requiring a reference sample, such as matched DNA or bulk sequencing data.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/p>\n      <\/div>\n<\/article>\n\n\n\n\n<p>Single-cell RNA sequencing data are useful for studying cell phenotypes and function. However, deciphering the clonal relationships of cells is critical to understanding the patterns of cell migration during development and tissue growth, and to studying the relationship between genomic mutations and cell function.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mapping clonal relationships to cell phenotypes can be achieved by detecting somatic mutations in single cells. Until now, detecting somatic mutations in individual cells remained technically challenging because single-cell RNA data are sparse by definition \u2013 meaning only a small fraction of the data is captured \u2013 and have many sequencing errors.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>EMBL\u2019s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) has developed a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41587-023-01863-z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">new algorithm able to detect somatic mutations in single-cell profiling data <\/a>without requiring a reference sample, such as matched genome sequencing data. This can be done at cell type and single-cell resolution.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<article class=\"vf-card vf-card--brand vf-card--bordered vf-u-margin__bottom--800\" default>\n  <div class=\"vf-card__content | vf-stack vf-stack--400\">\n      <h3 class=\"vf-card__heading\">\n      What are somatic mutations?    <\/h3>\n                <p class=\"vf-card__text\"><\/p><p>Somatic mutations are changes in DNA that occur after conception. Somatic mutations can occur in any of the cells of the body except the germ cells (sperm and egg) and therefore are not passed on to children. These alterations can (but do not always) cause cancer or other diseases.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Source: <a class=\"vf-card_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/publications\/dictionaries\/cancer-terms\/def\/somatic-mutation\">National Cancer Institute<\/a><\/p>\n      <\/div>\n<\/article>\n\n\n\n\n<p>The algorithm, called SComatic, allows researchers to study cancer evolution and patterns of mutations in healthy cells within tissues. It can also be used to study a number of fundamental biological processes, including:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>clonal mosaicism \u2013 where subpopulations of cells in a tissue have slightly different genetic information than the rest due to the accumulation of somatic mutations&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cell plasticity \u2013&nbsp;a cell\u2019s ability to change its phenotypes in response to environmental factors, without changes in the genotype<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cancer evolution and intra-tumour heterogeneity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tissue architecture and patterns of cell migration during development&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>SComatic also allows researchers to answer questions such as what mutation events have taken place in a specific cell, or how many mutations there are in a specific cell or cell type compared to others. More widely, SComatic allows scientists to map genotype to phenotype at single-cell resolution. This is particularly useful for scientific initiatives analysing single-cell data, such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humancellatlas.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Human Cell Atlas<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSComatic is specifically designed for <em>de novo<\/em> detection of somatic mutations in high throughput single-cell profiling data,\u201d said <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/people\/person\/francesc-muyas-remolar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Francesc Muyas Remolar, Postdoctoral Fellow at EMBL-EBI<\/a>. \u201cIt\u2019s at least five times more precise than other somatic detection algorithms, enabling scientists to study topics that were inaccessible before, such as the cell of origin from which some cancers and diseases originate. I look forward to seeing how colleagues apply SComatic to address diverse research questions.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cBeing able to bypass the need for a reference sample in this context is a major technical advancement,\u201d said <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/research\/cortes-ciriano\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Isidro Cortes-Ciriano, Research Group Leader at EMBL-EBI<\/a>. \u201dWe can now harness the large collections of existing and upcoming single-cell data sets to study somatic mutations at unprecedented resolution.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<article class=\"vf-card vf-card--brand vf-card--bordered vf-u-margin__bottom--800\" default>\n  <div class=\"vf-card__content | vf-stack vf-stack--400\">\n      <h3 class=\"vf-card__heading\">\n      What are genotypes and phenotypes, and why is it important to link them?    <\/h3>\n                <p class=\"vf-card__text\">In a broad sense, \u2018genotype\u2019 refers to the genetic makeup of an organism. It describes an organism&#8217;s complete set of genes. In a more narrow sense, the term can be used to refer to the alleles, or variant forms of a gene, that are carried by an organism.\r\n\r\nThe term &#8216;phenotype&#8217; refers to the observable physical properties of an organism. These include the organism&#8217;s appearance, development, and behaviour. An organism&#8217;s phenotype is determined by its genotype, which is the set of genes the organism carries, as well as by environmental influences upon these genes.\r\n\r\nSource: <a class=\"vf-card_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/scitable\/definition\/phenotype-35\/\">Scitable by Nature Education<\/a><\/p>\n      <\/div>\n<\/article>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SComatic enables researchers to link genotype to phenotype using only single-cell profiling data<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":60789,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11060,2,17591],"tags":[852,28,38,36,42,3618],"embl_taxonomy":[2906,18951],"class_list":["post-60779","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-highlights","category-science","category-science-technology","tag-algorithm","tag-bioinformatics","tag-cancer","tag-embl-ebi","tag-genomics","tag-software","embl_taxonomy-embl-ebi","embl_taxonomy-isidro-cortes-ciriano"],"acf":{"featured":true,"show_featured_image":false,"field_target_display":"both","field_article_language":{"value":"english","label":"English"},"article_intro":"","related_links":[{"link_description":"Cortes-Ciriano group ","link_url":"https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/research\/cortes-ciriano\/"},{"link_description":"Human Cell Atlas","link_url":"https:\/\/www.humancellatlas.org"}],"source_article":[{"publication_title":"De novo detection of somatic mutations in high-throughput single-cell profiling data sets","publication_link":{"title":"","url":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41587-023-01863-z","target":"_blank"},"publication_authors":"Muyas F., et al.","publication_source":"Nature Biotechnology","publication_date":"6 July 2023","publication_doi":"10.1038\/s41587-023-01863-z"}],"in_this_article":false,"press_contact":"None","article_translations":false,"languages":"","vf_locked":false},"embl_taxonomy_terms":[{"uuid":"a:3:{i:0;s:36:\"b14d3f13-5670-44fb-8970-e54dfd9c921a\";i:1;s:36:\"89e00fee-87f4-482e-a801-4c3548bb6a58\";i:2;s:36:\"a99d1a7c-ca83-4c00-ab61-d082d3e41ce3\";}","parents":[],"name":["EMBL-EBI"],"slug":"embl-ebi","description":"Where &gt; All EMBL sites &gt; EMBL-EBI"},{"uuid":"a:2:{i:0;s:36:\"4428d1fd-441a-4d6d-a1c5-5dcf5665f213\";i:1;s:36:\"9194e27d-1481-4724-b3b4-1a27e0d8b382\";}","parents":[],"name":["Isidro Cortes Ciriano"],"slug":"isidro-cortes-ciriano","description":"Who &gt; Isidro Cortes Ciriano"}],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Novel algorithm able to detect mutations in single-cell sequencing data sets | EMBL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SComatic algorithm by EMBL-EBI enables researchers to link genotype to phenotype using only single-cell profiling data.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/scomatic-algorithm\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Novel algorithm able to detect mutations in single-cell sequencing data sets | EMBL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"SComatic algorithm by EMBL-EBI enables researchers to link genotype to phenotype using only single-cell profiling data.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/scomatic-algorithm\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"EMBL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/embl.org\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-08-10T08:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-22T10:40:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2023-CORTES-CIRIANO-single-cell-RNA-sequencing-1000x600-v1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Oana Stroe\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@embl\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@embl\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Oana Stroe\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/scomatic-algorithm\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/scomatic-algorithm\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Oana Stroe\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/95d28f359cc138357c5dcf79319ef414\"},\"headline\":\"Novel algorithm able to detect mutations in single-cell sequencing data sets\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-08-10T08:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-22T10:40:19+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/scomatic-algorithm\/\"},\"wordCount\":431,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/scomatic-algorithm\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2023-CORTES-CIRIANO-single-cell-RNA-sequencing-1000x600-v1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"algorithm\",\"bioinformatics\",\"cancer\",\"embl-ebi\",\"genomics\",\"software\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Research highlights\",\"Science\",\"Science &amp; 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