{"id":45696,"date":"2021-11-15T14:10:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-15T13:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/?p=45696"},"modified":"2024-03-22T15:15:47","modified_gmt":"2024-03-22T14:15:47","slug":"addressing-the-biodiversity-crisis-with-12000-reptiles-or-one-database","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/alumni\/addressing-the-biodiversity-crisis-with-12000-reptiles-or-one-database\/","title":{"rendered":"Addressing the biodiversity crisis with 12,000 reptiles \u2013 or one database"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Text and photos by Peter \u00dctz<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> When I look back at 1996 and the birth of the EMBL Reptile Database, it feels like the culmination of a few lucky events: the opportunity afforded by the new worldwide web, created in the early \u201990s; EMBL\u2019s relatively new (and enthusiastic) database team; and the lack of biological databases in general.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But that was not enough. As a predoc in Rolf Zeller\u2019s group (which studied limb development), I initially thought of starting a database on gene expression patterns, but that was met with little enthusiasm \u2013 for good reasons: there was simply not a whole lot of data for a robust database.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After considering a database of protein\u2013protein interactions, I ultimately resorted to an old childhood interest that was indirectly related to my thesis work: reptile taxonomy (the connection to gene expression being the genes involved in limb loss in the evolution of snakes and limbless lizards).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I was not aware of another taxonomic database, so this seemed like a project without much competition. Thure Etzold, on the database team, was very supportive and simply said, \u201cJust give me a floppy disk with the data, and we\u2019ll put it online,\u201d when I asked him what I had to do. (Yes, people still used floppy disks back then!) A few months later, the EMBL Reptile Database was live \u2013 online and even linked to the DNA sequence database, and it was probably one of the first taxonomic databases on the web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"vf-figure  | vf-figure--align vf-figure--align-inline-end  size-medium\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fig.-2-Silvascincus-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" class=\"vf-figure__image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fig.-2-Silvascincus-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"Male scientist stands in jungle holding skink\" class=\"wp-image-45708\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fig.-2-Silvascincus-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fig.-2-Silvascincus-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fig.-2-Silvascincus-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"vf-figure__caption\">On a trip to Australia, the author caught skinks, like the Blue-speckled Forest-skink (<em>Silvascincus murrayi<\/em>) shown here.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why a reptile database is useful<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As biologists, we want to know what organisms are out there, how things are related, and how they fit into the big picture of life on earth \u2013 ranging from molecules to ecosystems. So, we organise that data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Luckily, while I was establishing the Reptile Database, Frank Bisby in the UK started the Catalogue of Life, a centralised database of all species on earth. He soon invited me to take care of the reptile portion of the Catalogue of Life, which was then one of several dozen global species databases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, more than 150 global species databases have accumulated 2 million species (including 12,000 reptiles), and they are increasingly interconnected with many other databases such as natural history collections, image repositories, media databases, and, of course, DNA and other molecular inventories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Millions of people have joined these efforts in citizen science projects such as iNaturalist, which is a user-friendly app for cell phones. The Reptile Database provides the taxonomic backbone for many of these resources, ranging from the US National Center for Biotechnology Information (which maintains GenBank, among other databases) to iNaturalist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why you should care<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The biodiversity crisis is real. Taxonomic databases record tens of thousands of new(!) species every year, and much of this inflation is because we increasingly understand genetic diversity. At the same time, the human population increases by 80 million people per year \u2013 equal to the population of Germany. The bottom line is human encroachment on nature continues unabated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We need to document and understand biodiversity as well as conserve it. It\u2019s not enough to do the science \u2013 we have to fight habitat destruction, deforestation, overpopulation, overconsumption, and bad policies, all of which threaten biodiversity on earth.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An alumnus reflects on the reptile database he started in 1996 while at EMBL. The database helps understand biodiversity issues.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":45704,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,17591],"tags":[80,87,782,952],"embl_taxonomy":[5794],"class_list":["post-45696","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alumni","category-science-technology","tag-alumni","tag-biodiversity","tag-database","tag-history","embl_taxonomy-alumni-relations"],"acf":{"featured":true,"show_featured_image":false,"field_target_display":"","article_intro":"<p>An EMBL alumnus reflects on the database he started as a graduate student 25 years ago at EMBL<\/p>\n","related_links":[{"link_description":"EMBL Alumni Relations","link_url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/about\/info\/alumni\/"}],"source_article":false,"in_this_article":false,"press_contact":"None","vf_locked":false,"field_article_language":{"value":"english","label":"English"},"article_translations":false,"languages":""},"embl_taxonomy_terms":[{"uuid":"a:3:{i:0;s:36:\"302cfdf7-365b-462a-be65-82c7b783ebf7\";i:1;s:36:\"bc1eaadd-1f50-4140-8e9b-e58fc33a39fc\";i:2;s:36:\"c07b3f46-3e45-495a-9902-ba71c4ffdd6d\";}","parents":[],"name":["Alumni Relations"],"slug":"alumni-relations","description":"What &gt; About EMBL &gt; Alumni Relations"}],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Addressing the biodiversity crisis with 12,000 reptiles \u2013 or one database | EMBL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"An alumnus reflects on the reptile database he started in 1996 while at EMBL. The database helps understand biodiversity issues.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/alumni\/addressing-the-biodiversity-crisis-with-12000-reptiles-or-one-database\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Addressing the biodiversity crisis with 12,000 reptiles \u2013 or one database | EMBL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"An alumnus reflects on the reptile database he started in 1996 while at EMBL. 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