{"id":43426,"date":"2021-10-18T17:39:49","date_gmt":"2021-10-18T15:39:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/?p=43426"},"modified":"2024-03-22T15:07:15","modified_gmt":"2024-03-22T14:07:15","slug":"characterising-protein-phosphosite-function-at-scale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/characterising-protein-phosphosite-function-at-scale\/","title":{"rendered":"Characterising protein phosphosite function at scale"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Researchers have developed a new high-throughput approach to assess the functional significance of protein phosphosites at scale using yeast as a model system. This work is the result of a collaboration between researchers at the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/\">European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) <\/a>in Heidelberg, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/\">EMBL\u2019s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI)<\/a>, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzh.ch\/en.html\">University of Zurich<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The cells that make up any living organism are constantly adapting to changes in their environment. One of the ways they can quickly adapt to these changes is through the addition of reversible modifications on their proteins. These are known as post-translational modifications and take different chemical forms including protein phosphorylation at specific sites \u2013 or amino acids \u2013 within the protein. These \u2018phosphosites\u2019 can activate, deactivate or modify the protein&#8217;s function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recent estimates suggest that around 75% of the human proteome is phosphorylated but only 5% of these phosphosites are known to have a function. This study, published in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41587-021-01051-x\"><em>Nature Biotechnology<\/em><\/a>, investigates the functional role of protein phosphorylation at scale using yeast as a model system to investigate the function of phosphosites, including those conserved in the human proteome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Finding functional phosphosites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"vf-figure  | vf-figure--align vf-figure--align-inline-end  size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1536-yeast-mutants-treated-with-metals-nickel-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vf-figure__image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1536-yeast-mutants-treated-with-metals-nickel-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Yeast colonies \n\" class=\"wp-image-43430\" width=\"341\" height=\"227\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1536-yeast-mutants-treated-with-metals-nickel-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1536-yeast-mutants-treated-with-metals-nickel-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1536-yeast-mutants-treated-with-metals-nickel-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 341px) 100vw, 341px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"vf-figure__caption\">1536 yeast mutant colonies treated with nickel.&nbsp;Credit: Cristina Vi\u00e9itez\/EMBL.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The researchers generated 474 yeast strains with mutations in specific phosphosites and grew these in 102 different stress conditions \u2013 including various chemical treatments. Their aim was to see how the loss of specific phosphosites would affect the yeast&#8217;s ability to grow when faced with changes in their environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Having more than 5000 yeast mutant colonies (phospho-mutants and gene deletions) and over 100 stress conditions meant that we were working with a lot of plates in parallel,&#8221; said <a href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/people\/person\/5e3345b3f9b6c62796ea8647cdc3f73240d2fe32a4d708dd998e0176c54c7564\/\">Cristina Vi\u00e9itez, Postdoctoral Fellow at EMBL<\/a>. \u201cWe used a pinning robot to screen hundreds of plates per day and make this a high-throughput approach.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This study found 43% of the phospho-mutant yeast strains displayed a change in their ability to grow in at least one of the conditions tested. This suggests that these phosphosites play some role in the yeast\u2019s survival. The growth profiles of the yeast could then be compared to a library of yeast strains with known gene deletions to further infer the function of the phosphosites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"vf-figure wp-block-video\"><video style=\"max-width: 100%;\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/IMG-9302.mov\"><\/video><figcaption class=\"vf-figure__caption\">High-throughput pinning robot used to screen yeast mutants at scale. Credit: Cristina Vi\u00e9itez\/EMBL.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Investigating human disease mutations<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis study has helped us to better understand the biological relevance of hundreds of different phosphosites. One key advantage over previous methods is that we can annotate the function of individual protein positions by comparing the mutation of this position with the deletion of any of the yeast genes,\u201d said <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/about\/people\/pedro-beltrao\">Pedro Beltrao, Group Leader at EMBL-EBI<\/a>. \u201cBut it doesn\u2019t stop there, this approach can also be used to study other specific positions within the protein including disease mutations, and helps us to better understand the equivalent positions in the human proteins.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This post was originally published on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/about\/news\/announcement\/characterising-protein-phosphosite-function-scale\" data-href=\"insert original\" rel=\"canonical nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">EMBL-EBI News<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Researchers develop a new high-throughput approach to assess the functional significance of protein phosphosites.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":43406,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,17591],"tags":[704,668,768],"embl_taxonomy":[10042,2906,19391],"class_list":["post-43426","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","category-science-technology","tag-proteins","tag-proteome","tag-yeast","embl_taxonomy-beltrao-group","embl_taxonomy-embl-ebi","embl_taxonomy-typas-group"],"acf":{"featured":true,"show_featured_image":false,"field_target_display":"","article_intro":"<p>Researchers develop a new high-throughput approach to assess the functional significance of protein phosphosites<\/p>\n","related_links":[{"link_description":"A machine learning approach to identify functional human phosphosites \u2013 EMBL-EBI news","link_url":"https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/about\/news\/press-releases\/phosphoproteome-machine-learning"}],"source_article":[{"publication_title":"High-throughput functional characterization of protein phosphorylation sites in yeast","publication_link":{"title":"","url":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41587-021-01051-x","target":""},"publication_authors":"Vi\u00e9itez C., et al.","publication_source":"Nature Biotechnology","publication_date":"18 October 2021","publication_doi":"10.1038\/s41587-021-01051-x"}],"in_this_article":false,"press_contact":"None","vf_locked":false},"embl_taxonomy_terms":[{"uuid":"a:3:{i:0;s:36:\"302cfdf7-365b-462a-be65-82c7b783ebf7\";i:1;s:36:\"442a4893-2c31-4523-b9eb-fb1ee4bd2037\";i:2;s:36:\"3d361176-0d12-49ff-9327-3f51a4a6da83\";}","parents":[],"name":["Beltrao Group"],"slug":"beltrao-group","description":"What &gt; EMBL-EBI Research &gt; Beltrao Group"},{"uuid":"a:3:{i:0;s:36:\"b14d3f13-5670-44fb-8970-e54dfd9c921a\";i:1;s:36:\"89e00fee-87f4-482e-a801-4c3548bb6a58\";i:2;s:36:\"a99d1a7c-ca83-4c00-ab61-d082d3e41ce3\";}","parents":[],"name":["EMBL-EBI"],"slug":"embl-ebi","description":"Where &gt; All EMBL sites &gt; EMBL-EBI"},{"uuid":"a:3:{i:0;s:36:\"302cfdf7-365b-462a-be65-82c7b783ebf7\";i:1;s:36:\"bd910dd7-0cda-4618-8bfa-d37fbda8438e\";i:2;s:36:\"94ddaf2b-18a5-4239-9017-bb23f22f3e9f\";}","parents":[],"name":["Typas Group"],"slug":"typas-group","description":"What &gt; Molecular Systems Biology &gt; Typas Group"}],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Characterising protein phosphosite function at scale | EMBL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Researchers develop a new high-throughput approach to assess the functional significance of protein phosphosites.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/characterising-protein-phosphosite-function-at-scale\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Characterising protein phosphosite function at scale | EMBL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Researchers develop a new high-throughput approach to assess the functional significance of protein phosphosites.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/characterising-protein-phosphosite-function-at-scale\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"EMBL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/embl.org\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-18T15:39:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-22T14:07:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/BELTRAO-Nature-Biotech-yeast-news-item-1000x600-FINAL.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Vicky Hatch\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@embl\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@embl\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Vicky Hatch\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/characterising-protein-phosphosite-function-at-scale\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/characterising-protein-phosphosite-function-at-scale\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Vicky Hatch\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/d8477ba2d7a6164b141a3872a25ee982\"},\"headline\":\"Characterising protein phosphosite function at scale\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-18T15:39:49+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-22T14:07:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/characterising-protein-phosphosite-function-at-scale\/\"},\"wordCount\":484,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/characterising-protein-phosphosite-function-at-scale\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/BELTRAO-Nature-Biotech-yeast-news-item-1000x600-FINAL.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"proteins\",\"proteome\",\"yeast\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Science\",\"Science &amp; 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