{"id":4138,"date":"2015-06-04T18:00:59","date_gmt":"2015-06-04T16:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/news.embl.de\/?p=4138"},"modified":"2024-11-29T16:53:13","modified_gmt":"2024-11-29T15:53:13","slug":"1505-mrna-decay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1505-mrna-decay\/","title":{"rendered":"Decaying RNA molecules tell a story"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Now a team from EMBL Heidelberg and Stanford University led by Lars Steinmetz has turned this on its head in an article published in <em>Cell<\/em>. The researchers have shown that one end of the mRNA begins to decay while the other is still serving as a template for protein production. Thus, studying the decaying mRNA also provides a snapshot of how proteins are produced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The discovery was made almost by accident. As part of research into how DNA is transcribed into mRNA, co-researchers Vicent Pelechano and Wu Wei developed an <i>in vivo<\/i> method to count decaying mRNA molecules in the cell. mRNA has a protective \u2018cap\u2019 that prevents it from being degraded \u2013 once that cap is removed, the decay begins. The researchers spotted a pattern in the distribution of the \u2018cap-less\u2019 RNA that they didn\u2019t expect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"vf-figure wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-4144\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"309\" class=\"vf-figure__image\" src=\"http:\/\/news.embl.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/1505-steinmetz-large2.jpg\" alt=\"The enzyme that degrades messenger RNA follows the ribosomes and stops every three nucleotides. IMAGE: V.Pelechano\/EMBL\" class=\"wp-image-4144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/1505-steinmetz-large2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/1505-steinmetz-large2-300x116.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/1505-steinmetz-large2-768x297.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"vf-figure__caption\">The enzyme that degrades messenger RNA follows the ribosomes and stops every three nucleotides. IMAGE: V.Pelechano\/EMBL<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Vicent Pelechano, from the <a title=\"Steinmetz group\" href=\"http:\/\/www.embl.de\/research\/units\/genome_biology\/steinmetz\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Steinmetz group<\/a> at EMBL Heidelberg, explains: \u201cThe decaying RNA was thought to be of little interest biologically, so we were really surprised to see a pattern. We looked more deeply into it because it appeared to be linked to the genetic code, but we never expected it to lead to a completely new understanding of how mRNA and ribosomes interact.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"vf-blockquote\"><p>We never expected it to lead to a completely new understanding of how mRNA and ribosomes interact.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Proteins are produced from mRNA by ribosomes \u2013 \u2018molecular machines\u2019 that pass successively along the mRNA to translate its nucleotides into amino acids. It was thought that the mRNA only started to decay once the final ribosome had left it and translation was complete. In fact, the researchers were able to determine that the protective \u2018cap\u2019 is removed and degradation begins even while ribosomes are still associated with the mRNA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They demonstrated that the enzyme degrading mRNA follows closely behind the ribosome, pausing at set points along the mRNA, usually after each group of three nucleotides, the section of code that relates to one amino acid. The team believes that this shows the enzyme pausing while translation goes on \u2013 allowing the ribosome to do its work and move on \u2013 before starting to degrade the mRNA previously protected by the ribosome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This novel approach also opens up new avenues to study ribosomes. \u201cResearchers studying ribosome activity usually use drugs to stall the ribosomes in place. This can alter the way we perceive their activity. We are simply looking for the molecules remaining from mRNA decay and determining their distribution. We believe this shows a more accurate picture of what is happening to the mRNA and the ribosome than was previously possible,\u201d explains Wu Wei of Stanford University.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Decaying RNA molecules tell a story that could add more chapters to the study of ribosomes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":4143,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,17591],"tags":[41,42,43,1748,329],"embl_taxonomy":[],"class_list":["post-4138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","category-science-technology","tag-genetics","tag-genomics","tag-heidelberg","tag-press-release","tag-steinmetz"],"acf":{"article_intro":"<p>Once messenger RNA (mRNA) has done its job \u2013 conveying the information to produce the proteins necessary for a cell to function \u2013 it is no longer required and is degraded. Scientists have long thought that the decay started after translation was complete and that decaying RNA molecules provided little biological information.<\/p>\n","related_links":[{"link_description":"Steinmtez Lab, Stanford University","link_url":"https:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/group\/steinmetzlab\/cgi-bin\/wordpress\/"},{"link_description":"This article first appeared as a press release on the EMBL website, 4 June 2015","link_url":"http:\/\/www.embl.org\/press\/2015\/150604_Heidelberg"}],"article_sources":[{"source_description":"<p>Pelechano <em>et al.<\/em> <i>Cell,<\/i> 4 June 2015. DOI:\u00a010.1016\/j.cell.2015.05.008<\/p>\n","source_link_url":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2015.05.008"}],"vf_locked":false,"featured":false,"color":"#007B53","show_featured_image":false,"in_this_article":false,"youtube_url":"","mp4_url":"","video_caption":"","translations":false,"press_contact":"EMBL Generic"},"embl_taxonomy_terms":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Decaying RNA molecules tell a story | EMBL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Decaying RNA molecules tell a story that could add more chapters to the study of ribosomes.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1505-mrna-decay\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Decaying RNA molecules tell a story | EMBL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Decaying RNA molecules tell a story that could add more chapters to the study of ribosomes.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1505-mrna-decay\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"EMBL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/embl.org\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-06-04T16:00:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-29T15:53:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/1505-steinmetz-ib.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"620\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"425\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Isabelle Kling\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@embl\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@embl\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Isabelle Kling\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1505-mrna-decay\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1505-mrna-decay\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Isabelle Kling\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/e0df3d2a7d51e01a8118c494997b85c3\"},\"headline\":\"Decaying RNA molecules tell a story\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-06-04T16:00:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-29T15:53:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1505-mrna-decay\/\"},\"wordCount\":457,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/1505-mrna-decay\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/1505-steinmetz-ib.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"genetics\",\"genomics\",\"heidelberg\",\"press release\",\"steinmetz\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Science\",\"Science &amp; 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