{"id":39010,"date":"2021-05-31T09:47:58","date_gmt":"2021-05-31T07:47:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/?p=39010"},"modified":"2024-03-22T11:12:29","modified_gmt":"2024-03-22T10:12:29","slug":"genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/","title":{"rendered":"Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in England"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary of evidence from the UK<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>This is a summary of work that has yet to be peer reviewed and is currently published as an <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2021.05.22.21257633v1\"><strong>online preprint<\/strong><\/a><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This document has been prepared by the European Molecular Biology Laboratory to provide a summary of epidemiological information for public health officials and governments. The lead authors of the preprint are Dr Moritz Gerstung of EMBL\u2019s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) and Dr Jeffrey Barrett, Director of the COVID-19 Genomics Initiative at the Wellcome Sanger Institute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gerstung and colleagues have performed the largest in-depth analysis of genomic surveillance data generated by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sanger.ac.uk\/group\/covid-19-genomic-surveillance\/\">Wellcome Sanger Institute\u2019s SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance programme<\/a> as part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cogconsortium.uk\/\">COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium (COG-UK)<\/a>, mapping out the dynamics of 62 lineages \u2013 or variants \u2013 of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This analysis covers data from England between September 2020 and May 2021, and tracks the fate of these lineages in 315 Lower Tier Local Authorities (LTLAs, meaning administrative regions with approximately 100,000\u2013200,000 inhabitants) in England.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The scientists calculated the relative growth rates of each of the 62 lineages, including the variants of concern (VOC) B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, and B.1.617.2, as well as other variants under investigation (VUI) by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/investigation-of-novel-sars-cov-2-variant-variant-of-concern-20201201\">Public Health England<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These data provide important context for the current epidemic situation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>At the end of 2020, B.1.1.7 spread despite a series of restrictions, including a national lockdown in November and regionally tiered restrictions in December, which slowed the spread of other variants but were insufficient to control B.1.1.7, due to its intrinsic growth advantage.<\/li><li>Between January and March 2021, a third national lockdown controlled B.1.1.7 and, as a side-effect, eliminated most variants that had been dominant in September and October 2020.<\/li><li>E484K-containing variants persisted despite this trend, in part due to repeated introductions of these variants, but were largely confined to short-lived local outbreaks.<\/li><li>B.1.617.2 was first observed in the week ending on 3 April 2021, has spread to more than 200 local authorities, and was found in more than 40% of viral genomes during the week ending on 15 May 2021.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The analysis of B.1.617.2 indicates that its current growth rate is 35% (20\u201350%) higher than that of B.1.1.7, with the highest rates of spread seen in North West England. Such a growth advantage has not been observed for any other VOC or VUI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The mechanisms for this increased spread are unknown, but are likely to be a combination of viral biology (transmission or the ability to evade the immune system), repeated introductions, and epidemiological factors in the communities where it was introduced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The growth of B.1.617.2 is also much greater than that of its sister lineage B.1.617.1, which is likely to have experienced similar rates of introductions and similar demographic factors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This post was originally published on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/about\/news\/announcements\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\" data-href=\"insert original\" rel=\"canonical nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">EMBL-EBI News<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"a1\">Resumen de la evidencia del Reino Unido<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Este es un resumen del trabajo que a\u00fan no ha sido revisado por pares (<em>peer review<\/em>) y que actualmente se encuentra publicado como <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2021.05.22.21257633v1\"><strong><u>preprint<\/u><\/strong><\/a><strong><u> online<\/u><\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Este documento ha sido preparado por el Laboratorio Europeo de Biolog\u00eda Molecular (EMBL) para proporcionar a los funcionarios de salud p\u00fablica y a los gobiernos un resumen de informaci\u00f3n epidemiol\u00f3gica. Los autores principales del preprint son el Dr. Moritz Gerstung del Instituto Europeo de Bioinform\u00e1tica del EMBL (EMBL-EBI) y el Dr. Jeffrey Barrett, director de la Iniciativa de Gen\u00f3mica COVID-19 en el Instituto Wellcome Sanger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gerstung y su grupo de investigaci\u00f3n han realizado el an\u00e1lisis en profundidad m\u00e1s grande disponible de los datos de vigilancia gen\u00f3mica generados por el<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sanger.ac.uk\/group\/covid-19-genomic-surveillance\/\"> programa de vigilancia gen\u00f3mica SARS-CoV-2 del Instituto Wellcome Sanger<\/a> como parte del <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cogconsortium.uk\/\">Consorcio COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK)<\/a>, mapeando la din\u00e1mica de 62 cepas &#8211; o variantes &#8211; del virus SARS-CoV-2. Este an\u00e1lisis estudia datos de Inglaterra entre septiembre de 2020 y mayo de 2021, y rastrea qu\u00e9 ha pasado con estas cepas en 315 \u201cautoridades locales de nivel inferior\u201d (LTLA, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s, es decir, regiones administrativas con aproximadamente 100.000\u2013200.000 habitantes) en Inglaterra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Los cient\u00edficos han calculado las tasas de crecimiento relativo de cada una de las 62 cepas, incluidas las \u201cvariantes m\u00e1s preocupantes\u201d (VOC, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1 y B.1.617.2, as\u00ed como otras \u201cvariantes en fase de investigaci\u00f3n\u201d (VUI por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) por el <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/investigation-of-novel-sars-cov-2-variant-variant-of-concern-20201201\">Public Health England<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Estos datos son importantes para contextualizar la situaci\u00f3n actual de la epidemia:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A fines de 2020, la variante B.1.1.7 se extendi\u00f3 a pesar de una serie de restricciones, incluido un confinamiento nacional en noviembre y restricciones regionales en diciembre, que ralentizaron la propagaci\u00f3n de otras variantes, pero fueron insuficientes para controlar la B.1.1.7. debido a su ventaja de crecimiento intr\u00ednseca.<\/li><li>Entre enero y marzo de 2021, un tercer confinamiento nacional control\u00f3 la B.1.1.7 y, como efecto secundario, elimin\u00f3 la mayor\u00eda de las variantes que hab\u00edan sido dominantes en septiembre y octubre de 2020.<\/li><li>Las variantes que contienen E484K persistieron a pesar de esta tendencia, en parte debido a su introducci\u00f3n repetida, pero se limitaron en gran medida a brotes locales de corta duraci\u00f3n.<\/li><li>La variante B.1.617.2 se observ\u00f3 por primera vez en la semana que finaliz\u00f3 el 3 de abril de 2021, se extendi\u00f3 a m\u00e1s de 200 autoridades locales y se encontr\u00f3 en m\u00e1s del 40% de los genomas virales durante la semana que finaliz\u00f3 el 15 de mayo de 2021.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>El an\u00e1lisis de la B.1.617.2 indica que su tasa de crecimiento actual es el 35% (20-50%) m\u00e1s alta que la de la B.1.1.7, con las tasas de propagaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s altas observadas en el noroeste de Inglaterra. Para ninguna otra VOC o VUI se ha observado tal ventaja de crecimiento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Se desconocen los mecanismos que expliquen esta mayor propagaci\u00f3n, pero es probable que sean una combinaci\u00f3n de biolog\u00eda viral (la transmisi\u00f3n o la capacidad de evadir el sistema inmunol\u00f3gico), introducciones repetidas y factores epidemiol\u00f3gicos en las comunidades donde se introdujo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El crecimiento de la B.1.617.2 es tambi\u00e9n mucho mayor que el de su cepa hermana B.1.617.1, que probablemente haya experimentado tasas similares de introducci\u00f3n y factores demogr\u00e1ficos an\u00e1logos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"a2\">Surveillance g\u00e9nomique du SARS-CoV-2 en Angleterre<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u00e9sum\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es du Royaume-Uni<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Il s&#8217;agit d&#8217;un r\u00e9sum\u00e9 de travaux qui n&#8217;ont pas encore fait l&#8217;objet d&#8217;un examen par les pairs. Ceux-ci sont actuellement publi\u00e9s sous forme de <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2021.05.22.21257633v1\"><strong>pr\u00e9publication en ligne<\/strong><\/a><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce document a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9par\u00e9 par le Laboratoire europ\u00e9en de biologie mol\u00e9culaire (EMBL) afin de fournir un r\u00e9sum\u00e9 des informations \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques aux responsables de la sant\u00e9 publique et aux gouvernements. Les principaux auteurs de ce document sont le Dr Moritz Gerstung de l&#8217;Institut europ\u00e9en de bioinformatique de l&#8217;EMBL (EMBL-EBI) et le Dr Jeffrey Barrett, directeur de l&#8217;Initiative G\u00e9nomique COVID-19 au Wellcome Sanger Institute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gerstung et ses coll\u00e8gues ont r\u00e9alis\u00e9 la plus grande analyse approfondie des donn\u00e9es de surveillance g\u00e9nomique g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es par le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sanger.ac.uk\/group\/covid-19-genomics-initiative-at-the-wellcome-sanger-institute\/\">programme de surveillance g\u00e9nomique du SARS-CoV-2 du Wellcome Sanger Institute<\/a> dans le cadre du <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cogconsortium.uk\/\">consortium COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK)<\/a>, en cartographiant la dynamique de 62 lign\u00e9es &#8211; ou variants &#8211; du virus du SARS-CoV-2. Cette analyse couvre les donn\u00e9es de l&#8217;Angleterre entre septembre 2020 et mai 2021, et suit le devenir de ces lign\u00e9es dans 315 autorit\u00e9s locales (Lower Tier Local Authorities, ou LTLA, c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire des r\u00e9gions administratives comptant environ 100 000 \u00e0 200 000 habitants) en Angleterre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les scientifiques ont calcul\u00e9 les taux de croissance relatifs de chacune des 62 lign\u00e9es, y compris ceux des variants pr\u00e9occupants, ou VOC (\u00ab&nbsp;variants of concern&nbsp;\u00bb en anglais), B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1 et B.1.617.2, ainsi que d&#8217;autres variants en cours d&#8217;investigation, ou VUI (\u00ab&nbsp;variants under investigation&nbsp;\u00bb en anglais), par le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/investigation-of-novel-sars-cov-2-variant-variant-of-concern-20201201\"><u>Public Health England<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces donn\u00e9es fournissent un contexte important pour la situation \u00e9pid\u00e9mique actuelle :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u00c0 la fin de l&#8217;ann\u00e9e 2020, le variant B.1.1.7 s&#8217;est propag\u00e9, malgr\u00e9 une s\u00e9rie de restrictions &#8211; notamment un confinement national en novembre et des restrictions \u00e9chelonn\u00e9es par r\u00e9gion en d\u00e9cembre &#8211; qui ont ralenti la propagation des autres variants mais n&#8217;ont pas suffi \u00e0 contr\u00f4ler B.1.1.7, en raison de son avantage intrins\u00e8que en termes de croissance.<\/li><li>Entre janvier et mars 2021, un troisi\u00e8me confinement national a permis de contr\u00f4ler B.1.1.7 et, par effet secondaire, d&#8217;\u00e9liminer la plupart des variants qui avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 dominants en septembre et octobre 2020.<\/li><li>Les variants contenant E484K ont persist\u00e9 malgr\u00e9 cette tendance, en partie en raison des introductions r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es de ces variants, mais ont \u00e9t\u00e9 largement confin\u00e9s \u00e0 des foyers locaux de courte dur\u00e9e.<\/li><li>B.1.617.2 a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois au cours de la semaine se terminant le 3 avril 2021. Il s&#8217;est propag\u00e9 dans plus de 200 collectivit\u00e9s locales et a \u00e9t\u00e9 retrouv\u00e9 dans plus de 40 % des g\u00e9nomes viraux au cours de la semaine se terminant le 15 mai 2021.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#8217;analyse du variant B.1.617.2 indique que son taux de croissance actuel est de 35 % (20-50 %) plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 que celui de B.1.1.7, les taux de propagation les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s \u00e9tant observ\u00e9s dans le nord-ouest de l&#8217;Angleterre. Un tel avantage de croissance n&#8217;a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9 pour aucun autre VOC ou VIU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les m\u00e9canismes de cette propagation accrue sont inconnus, mais r\u00e9sultent probablement d\u2019une combinaison de la biologie virale (transmission ou capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e9chapper au syst\u00e8me immunitaire), d&#8217;introductions r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es et de facteurs \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques dans les communaut\u00e9s o\u00f9 il a \u00e9t\u00e9 introduit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La croissance de B.1.617.2 est \u00e9galement beaucoup plus importante que celle de sa lign\u00e9e s\u0153ur B.1.617.1, qui a probablement connu des taux d&#8217;introduction et des facteurs d\u00e9mographiques similaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"a3\"><strong>Sintesi delle evidenze dal Regno Unito<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Di seguito la sintesi di un lavoro che non \u00e8 ancora stato sottoposto a peer review ed \u00e8 attualmente pubblicato come <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2021.05.22.21257633v1\"><strong>preprint online<\/strong><\/a><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Questo documento \u00e8 stato redatto dall&#8217;European Molecular Biology Laboratory per fornire una sintesi delle informazioni epidemiologiche ai funzionari della sanit\u00e0 pubblica e ai governi. Gli autori principali dello studio sono il dottor Moritz Gerstung dell&#8217;Istituto europeo di bioinformatica dell&#8217;EMBL (EMBL-EBI) e il dottor Jeffrey Barrett, direttore della COVID-19 Genomics Initiative al Wellcome Sanger Institute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gerstung e colleghi hanno eseguito la pi\u00f9 grande analisi approfondita dei dati di sorveglianza genomica generati dal <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sanger.ac.uk\/group\/covid-19-genomic-surveillance\/\">programma di sorveglianza genomica SARS-CoV-2 del Wellcome Sanger Institute<\/a>, nell\u2019ambito del <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cogconsortium.uk\/\">COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium (COG-UK)<\/a>, mappando le dinamiche di 62 linee &#8211; o varianti &#8211; del virus SARS-CoV-2. Questa analisi si basa su dati raccolti in Inghilterra tra settembre 2020 e maggio 2021, e traccia la diffusione di queste varianti in 315 Lower Tier Local Authorities (LTLAs, cio\u00e8 regioni amministrative con circa 100.000-200.000 abitanti) in Inghilterra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gli scienziati hanno calcolato i tassi di crescita relativi di ciascuna delle 62 linee, comprese le varianti pi\u00f9 preoccupanti (\u201cvariants of concern\u201d &#8211; VOC) B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, e B.1.617.2, ed altre varianti oggetto di studio (\u201cvariants under investigation\u201d &#8211; VUI) da parte della <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/investigation-of-novel-sars-cov-2-variant-variant-of-concern-20201201\">Public Health England<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Questi dati forniscono un contesto importante per l&#8217;attuale situazione epidemica:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Alla fine del 2020, la linea B.1.1.7 si \u00e8 diffusa nonostante una serie di restrizioni, tra cui un blocco nazionale a novembre e restrizioni a livello regionale a dicembre, che hanno rallentato la diffusione di altre varianti ma non sono state sufficienti a controllare B.1.1.7, a causa del suo intrinseco vantaggio di crescita.<\/li><li>Tra gennaio e marzo 2021, un terzo blocco nazionale ha controllato la diffusione di B.1.1.7 e, come conseguenza, ha eliminato la maggior parte delle varianti che erano state dominanti tra settembre e ottobre 2020.<\/li><li>Le varianti contenenti la mutazione E484K si sono mantenute nonostante questa tendenza, in parte a causa delle ripetute introduzioni di queste varianti, ma erano generalmente limitate a focolai locali di breve durata.<\/li><li>B.1.617.2 \u00e8 stato osservato per la prima volta nella settimana terminata il 3 aprile 2021, si \u00e8 diffuso in pi\u00f9 di 200 autorit\u00e0 locali ed \u00e8 stato trovato in pi\u00f9 del 40% dei genomi virali durante la settimana terminata il 15 maggio 2021.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#8217;analisi di B.1.617.2 indica che il suo attuale tasso di crescita \u00e8 del 35% (20-50%) superiore a quello di B.1.1.7, con i pi\u00f9 alti tassi di diffusione osservati nel Nord Ovest dell&#8217;Inghilterra. Un tale vantaggio di crescita non \u00e8 stato osservato per nessun\u2019altra VOC o VUI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I meccanismi di questa maggiore diffusione sono sconosciuti, ma \u00e8 probabile che siano una combinazione di biologia virale (trasmissione o capacit\u00e0 di eludere il sistema immunitario), introduzioni ripetute e fattori epidemiologici nelle comunit\u00e0 in cui \u00e8 stato introdotto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La crescita di B.1.617.2 \u00e8 anche molto maggiore rispetto alla linea sorella B.1.617.1, che probabilmente ha avuto tassi simili di introduzione e fattori demografici simili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"a4\"><strong>SARS-CoV-2 Genomuntersuchung in England<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Umfangreichste Analyse von genomischen Daten bildet die Dynamik von 62 Linien des SARS-CoV-2-Virus ab<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Zusammenfassung der Erkenntnisse aus Gro\u00dfbritannien<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dieser Text ist eine Zusammenfassung von Arbeiten, die noch nicht begutachtet wurden und derzeit als <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2021.05.22.21257633v1\"><strong>Online-Preprint<\/strong><\/a><strong> ver\u00f6ffentlicht sind.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dieses Dokument wurde vom Europ\u00e4ischen Laboratorium f\u00fcr Molekularbiologie (EMBL) erstellt, um eine Zusammenfassung der epidemiologischen Informationen f\u00fcr Gesundheits\u00e4mter und Regierungen bereitzustellen. Die Hauptautoren des Preprints sind Dr. Moritz Gerstung vom Europ\u00e4ischen Bioinformatik-Institut des EMBL (EMBL-EBI) und Dr. Jeffrey Barrett, Direktor der COVID-19 Genomics Initiative am Wellcome Sanger Institute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gerstung und Kollegen f\u00fchrten mit Daten, die durch das <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sanger.ac.uk\/group\/covid-19-genomic-surveillance\/\"><u>Wellcome Sanger Institute SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance programme<\/u><\/a> im Rahmen des <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cogconsortium.uk\/\"><u>COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium (COG-UK)<\/u><\/a> generiert wurden, die umfangreichste Analyse von genomischen \u00dcberwachungsdaten durch. Sie bildeten dabei die Dynamik von 62 Linien &#8211; oder Varianten &#8211; des SARS-CoV-2 Virus ab. Die Analyse umfasst Daten aus England zwischen September 2020 und Mai 2021 und verfolgt das Verhalten und die Verbreitung dieser Linien in 315 Lower Tier Local Authorities (LTLA, d.h. Verwaltungsregionen mit etwa 100.000-200.000 Einwohnern) in England.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Die Wissenschaftler berechneten die relativen Wachstumsraten jeder der 62 Linien, einschlie\u00dflich der besorgniserregenden Varianten (\u201evariants of concern\u201c, VOC) B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1 und B.1.617.2 sowie anderer Varianten, die von <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/investigation-of-novel-sars-cov-2-variant-variant-of-concern-20201201\">Public Health England<\/a> untersucht werden (\u201evariants under investigation\u201c, VUI).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diese Daten liefern wichtigen Kontext f\u00fcr die aktuelle epidemischen Lage:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ende 2020 breitete sich B.1.1.7 trotz einer Reihe von Beschr\u00e4nkungen aus, darunter ein nationaler Lockdown im November und regional abgestufte Beschr\u00e4nkungen im Dezember, die die Ausbreitung anderer Varianten verlangsamten, aber nicht ausreichten, um B.1.1.7 aufgrund seines intrinsischen Wachstumsvorteils zu kontrollieren.<\/li><li>Zwischen Januar und M\u00e4rz 2021 gelang es duch einen dritten nationalen Lockdown B.1.1.7 zu kontrollieren. Als Nebeneffekt wurden auch die meisten Varianten eliminiert, die im September und Oktober 2020 dominant gewesen waren.<\/li><li>E484K-enthaltende Varianten blieben trotz dieses Trends bestehen, teilweise aufgrund wiederholter Einschleppung dieser Varianten, beschr\u00e4nkten sich aber weitgehend auf kurzlebige lokale Ausbr\u00fcche.<\/li><li>B.1.617.2 wurde erstmals in der Woche bis zum 3. April 2021 beobachtet, hat sich in mehr als 200 Kommunen ausgebreitet, und wurde in der Woche bis zum 15. Mai 2021 in mehr als 40 % der viralen Genome gefunden.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Die Analyse von B.1.617.2 zeigt, dass seine aktuelle Wachstumsrate 35 % (20-50 %) h\u00f6her ist als die von B.1.1.7, wobei die h\u00f6chsten Ausbreitungsraten in Nordwestengland beobachtet wurden. Ein solcher Wachstumsvorteil wurde f\u00fcr keine andere VOC oder VUI beobachtet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Die Mechanismen f\u00fcr diese verst\u00e4rkte Ausbreitung sind nicht bekannt, aber wahrscheinlich handelt es sich um eine Kombination aus Virusbiologie (\u00dcbertragung oder die F\u00e4higkeit, das Immunsystem zu umgehen), wiederholten Einschleppungen und epidemiologischen Faktoren in den Gemeinden, in denen es eingef\u00fchrt wurde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Das Wachstum von B.1.617.2 ist au\u00dferdem wesentlich gr\u00f6\u00dfer als das der verwandten Linie B.1.617.1, f\u00fcr die wahrscheinlich \u00e4hnliche Einf\u00fchrungsraten und \u00e4hnliche demographische Faktoren gelten.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The largest in-depth analysis of genomic surveillance data\u00a0mapping out the dynamics of 62 lineages of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":39022,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,17591],"tags":[1025,1331,42,1329,2032],"embl_taxonomy":[2278,2906],"class_list":["post-39010","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","category-science-technology","tag-coronavirus","tag-covid-19","tag-genomics","tag-sars-cov-2","tag-sequencing","embl_taxonomy-covid-19","embl_taxonomy-embl-ebi"],"acf":{"featured":true,"show_featured_image":false,"color":"#193f90","link_color":"#fff","article_intro":"<p>The largest in-depth analysis of genomic surveillance data mapping out the dynamics of 62 lineages of the SARS-CoV-2 virus<\/p>\n","related_links":[{"link_description":"EMBL\u2019s contribution to fighting the coronavirus pandemic","link_url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/topics\/coronavirus\/"},{"link_description":"Insights into the new B.1.1.7 coronavirus lineage","link_url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/b117-coronavirus-lineage\/"},{"link_description":"The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 lineage","link_url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/sars-cov-2-b117\/"},{"link_description":"Show your support for open COVID-19 data","link_url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/lab-matters\/open-covid19-data\/"}],"article_sources":[{"source_description":"<p>Vohringer. H.S., <em>et al<\/em>. Genomic reconstruction of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic across England from September 2020 to May 2021. <em>MedRxiv<\/em>. Published on 26 May 2021. DOI:10.1101\/2021.05.22.21257633<\/p>\n","source_link_url":"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2021.05.22.21257633v1"}],"in_this_article":false,"youtube_url":"","mp4_url":"","video_caption":"","press_contact":"EMBL-EBI Generic","translations":[{"translation_language":"Espa\u00f1ol","translation_anchor":"#a1"},{"translation_language":"Fran\u00e7ais","translation_anchor":"#a2"},{"translation_language":"Italiano","translation_anchor":"#a3"},{"translation_language":"Deutsch","translation_anchor":"#a4"}],"vf_locked":false},"embl_taxonomy_terms":[{"uuid":"a:3:{i:0;s:36:\"302cfdf7-365b-462a-be65-82c7b783ebf7\";i:1;s:36:\"a5d0c484-f12a-4a27-93cc-85e3a6d79c09\";i:2;s:36:\"5683518e-43cd-4740-8583-31a65ef324d3\";}","parents":[],"name":["COVID-19"],"slug":"covid-19","description":"What &gt; Topics &gt; COVID-19"},{"uuid":"a:3:{i:0;s:36:\"b14d3f13-5670-44fb-8970-e54dfd9c921a\";i:1;s:36:\"89e00fee-87f4-482e-a801-4c3548bb6a58\";i:2;s:36:\"a99d1a7c-ca83-4c00-ab61-d082d3e41ce3\";}","parents":[],"name":["EMBL-EBI"],"slug":"embl-ebi","description":"Where &gt; All EMBL sites &gt; EMBL-EBI"}],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in England | EMBL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The largest in-depth analysis of genomic surveillance data mapping out the dynamics of 62 lineages of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in England | EMBL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The largest in-depth analysis of genomic surveillance data mapping out the dynamics of 62 lineages of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"EMBL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/embl.org\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-05-31T07:47:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-22T10:12:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Vicky Hatch\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@embl\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@embl\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Vicky Hatch\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Vicky Hatch\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/d8477ba2d7a6164b141a3872a25ee982\"},\"headline\":\"Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in England\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-05-31T07:47:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-22T10:12:29+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/\"},\"wordCount\":2566,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"coronavirus\",\"covid-19\",\"genomics\",\"sars-cov-2\",\"sequencing\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Science\",\"Science &amp; Technology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/\",\"name\":\"Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in England | EMBL\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-05-31T07:47:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-22T10:12:29+00:00\",\"description\":\"The largest in-depth analysis of genomic surveillance data mapping out the dynamics of 62 lineages of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":600,\"caption\":\"Artist\u2019s impression of different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Credit: Karen Arnott\/EMBL\"},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/\",\"name\":\"European Molecular Biology Laboratory News\",\"description\":\"News from the European Molecular Biology Laboratory\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"EMBL News\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#organization\",\"name\":\"European Molecular Biology Laboratory\",\"alternateName\":\"EMBL\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/EMBL_logo_colour-1-300x144-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/EMBL_logo_colour-1-300x144-1.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":144,\"caption\":\"European Molecular Biology Laboratory\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/embl.org\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/embl\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/embl_org\/\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/15813\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/emblmedia\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/d8477ba2d7a6164b141a3872a25ee982\",\"name\":\"Vicky Hatch\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6d864d58088d9e60f42c501aa30714d303efc1ca5aed268210905409910b90d5?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6d864d58088d9e60f42c501aa30714d303efc1ca5aed268210905409910b90d5?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Vicky Hatch\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/author\/vicky-hatch-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2--2\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in England | EMBL","description":"The largest in-depth analysis of genomic surveillance data mapping out the dynamics of 62 lineages of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in England | EMBL","og_description":"The largest in-depth analysis of genomic surveillance data mapping out the dynamics of 62 lineages of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/","og_site_name":"EMBL","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/embl.org\/","article_published_time":"2021-05-31T07:47:58+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-03-22T10:12:29+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Vicky Hatch","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@embl","twitter_site":"@embl","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Vicky Hatch","Est. reading time":"13 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/"},"author":{"name":"Vicky Hatch","@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/d8477ba2d7a6164b141a3872a25ee982"},"headline":"Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in England","datePublished":"2021-05-31T07:47:58+00:00","dateModified":"2024-03-22T10:12:29+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/"},"wordCount":2566,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg","keywords":["coronavirus","covid-19","genomics","sars-cov-2","sequencing"],"articleSection":["Science","Science &amp; Technology"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/","url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/","name":"Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in England | EMBL","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg","datePublished":"2021-05-31T07:47:58+00:00","dateModified":"2024-03-22T10:12:29+00:00","description":"The largest in-depth analysis of genomic surveillance data mapping out the dynamics of 62 lineages of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.","inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/genomic-surveillance-sarscov2-england\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg","width":1000,"height":600,"caption":"Artist\u2019s impression of different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Credit: Karen Arnott\/EMBL"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/","name":"European Molecular Biology Laboratory News","description":"News from the European Molecular Biology Laboratory","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#organization"},"alternateName":"EMBL News","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#organization","name":"European Molecular Biology Laboratory","alternateName":"EMBL","url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/EMBL_logo_colour-1-300x144-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/EMBL_logo_colour-1-300x144-1.png","width":300,"height":144,"caption":"European Molecular Biology Laboratory"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/embl.org\/","https:\/\/x.com\/embl","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/embl_org\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/15813\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/emblmedia\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/d8477ba2d7a6164b141a3872a25ee982","name":"Vicky Hatch","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6d864d58088d9e60f42c501aa30714d303efc1ca5aed268210905409910b90d5?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6d864d58088d9e60f42c501aa30714d303efc1ca5aed268210905409910b90d5?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Vicky Hatch"},"url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/author\/vicky-hatch-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2--2\/"}]}},"field_target_display":"embl","field_article_language":{"value":"english","label":"English"},"fimg_url":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg","featured_image_src":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Variants-SARS-CoV-2-780x400-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39010","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/77"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39010"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39010\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39066,"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39010\/revisions\/39066"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39022"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39010"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39010"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39010"},{"taxonomy":"embl_taxonomy","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/embl_taxonomy?post=39010"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}